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Where the units are the hard part

These three tools exist because their units are genuinely confusing rather than because the arithmetic is hard. Lumber is measured in nominal sizes that no board actually is, sold by the board foot, and weighed by a density that changes with species and moisture. A 2 × 8 is 1.5 × 7.25 inches, and using the nominal figure for weight overstates it by about a third.

Firewood is worse. A full cord has a legal definition of 128 cubic feet; a face cord or rick does not have a fixed size at all, because it depends on how long the logs are cut. Two sellers can quote the same price for a face cord and be selling quantities that differ by a third.

Reading the units correctly

  • Board feet use nominal sizes; weight uses actual ones.
  • Green timber can weigh a fifth more than kiln dried.
  • Always convert a firewood quote back to a full cord.
  • Stack wood before measuring — thrown piles are a third air.

Questions

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Nominal sizes describe the rough sawn timber before it is planed. A dressed 2 × 4 measures 1.5 × 3.5 inches. Board feet are still calculated on the nominal size because that is how timber is sold, but weight has to use the actual dimensions.

No. A full cord is 128 cubic feet stacked. A face cord is a 4 by 8 foot face at whatever length the logs happen to be cut — one third of a cord at sixteen inches, a quarter at twelve. Always ask the log length before comparing prices.

Considerably. Green timber runs roughly twenty percent heavier than kiln dried, and freshly pressure treated stock is heavier still because it is saturated with retained solution. If you are working out a load or a delivery weight, the moisture state matters as much as the species.